GQL - Vector Index - Ultipa Graph

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Overview

A vector index is designed to efficiently store and manage high-dimensional vectors (or embeddings), enabling fast retrieval of similar vectors based on a chosen similarity metric. Instead of performing an exhaustive search across all stored vectors, the vector index significantly reduces the search space, making nearest-neighbor retrieval more efficient.

Vectors and Embeddings

Vectors can be viewed as an ordered list of numbers. For example, the vector [1, 2] represents a direction from the origin to the point (1, 2) in a two-dimensional space, and the distance (or magnitude) to that point.

In the context of machine learning and natural language processing (NLP), the term embedding is commonly used when referring vectors. An embedding is a high-dimensional vector that represents data, often with hundreds of dimensions.

Creating Embeddings

You can create embeddings for both structured data (e.g., text) and unstructured data (e.g., images, graphs) using various models. Some popular models include:

OpenAI: A collection of models to turn text into embeddings.
Node2Vec: A model that generates embeddings for graph nodes based on their relationships.
ResNet (Residual Networks): A series of models for generating image embeddings.

Why Embeddings

Embeddings are often generated by considering the context of the data entity rather than just the data itself. This is especially true for tasks like NLP, where the meaning of a word is influenced by its surrounding context.

Consider the word "bank", which has multiple meanings depending on the context:

Bank as a financial institution: "I went to the bank to deposit some money."
Bank as the side of a river: "We sat on the bank of the river to watch the sunset."

This contextual information makes embeddings much more powerful for downstream tasks like semantic search, recommendation and classification.

Loading Embeddings into Ultipa

After creating embeddings for entities, they can be imported or stored into Ultipa as properties of type list<float> or list<double>. By creating vector indexes for these properties, you can perform vector searches.

Vector Search

Vector search refers to the process of finding vectors that are most similar to a given query vector, using a similarity measure. Ultipa supports the following similarity measures:

L2 Distance (Euclidean Distance): Calculates the straight-line distance between two points in a high-dimensional space. This measure is sensitive to the magnitude of the vectors.

Cosine Similarity: Measures the cosine of the angle between two vectors, indicating their orientation in space. It is independent of vector magnitude.

Inner Product: Computes the dot product between two vectors, often used when the magnitude of the vectors is important.

Example Graph

The example graph consists of 10 Book nodes, each containing the properties name, author, summary, and summaryEmbedding. The summaryEmbedding holds the 384-dimensional text embeddings of the summary, generated using the all-MiniLM-L6-v2 model from Hugging Face.

CREATE GRAPH myGraph { 
  NODE Book ({title string, author string, summary text, summaryEmbedding list<float>})
} PARTITION BY HASH(Crc32) SHARDS [1]

INSERT (:Book {_id: 'B1', title: 'Pride and Prejudice', author: 'Jane Austen', summary: 'Elizabeth Bennet navigates love and social class in Regency-era England, clashing with the proud Mr. Darcy before realizing their true feelings for each other. The novel explores themes of marriage, reputation, and personal growth with Austen\'s sharp wit.', summaryEmbedding: [-0.016981, -0.042364, 0.065666, 0.038906, 0.014976, 0.031358, 0.096271, -0.074125, -0.015277, 0.018961, -0.104336, 0.028773, 0.044179, -0.003503, -0.051337, 0.126421, -0.015187, -0.027225, 0.028287, 0.002713, -0.026236, 0.032444, 0.019729, 0.04396, -0.044703, -0.094819, 0.059223, 0.030913, -0.039863, 0.009686, -0.01894, 0.030413, 0.006824, 0.010569, -0.012861, 0.017635, 0.027373, 0.021346, 0.007833, 0.006646, -0.06523, -0.0176, -0.020286, 0.032384, -0.021207, -0.015802, -0.016896, -0.027521, -0.024199, -0.03487, 0.011316, 0.009509, -0.070896, -0.069814, 0.025057, 0.129979, -0.058228, 0.010542, 0.032511, -0.018214, 0.028891, -0.008495, 0.063497, 0.02867, 0.016084, 0.096362, -0.035903, 0.103503, -0.031934, -0.034265, 0.022387, -0.039978, 0.025089, -0.047174, 0.022442, -0.031838, -0.046405, -0.064129, -0.080437, -0.054828, -0.131105, -0.001171, 0.073839, 0.051653, 0.009277, -0.022276, 0.030624, -0.10131, -0.037987, -0.015313, -0.070821, -0.0613, -0.015217, 0.070322, -0.025163, 0.00224, 0.017138, -0.009221, -0.042655, 0.0309, -0.029513, 0.049603, -0.08939, 0.05721, -0.006558, -0.06228, -0.001606, -0.028527, 0.023108, -0.071744, 0.03202, -0.032745, -0.034466, -0.022568, 0.057977, -0.0705, 0.017743, 0.029623, 0.063704, 0.039302, 0.0351, 0.098135, -0.13042, -0.029174, -0.046425, -0.043677, 0.019011, 0.0, -0.049401, 0.019659, 0.00434, 0.103655, 0.03646, -0.006406, 0.01709, 0.010093, -0.035342, -0.021223, -0.02989, 0.004757, -0.04085, -0.049541, -0.028237, 0.010764, -0.023065, 0.019279, 0.043719, 0.022844, 0.005614, 0.047042, -0.00966, -0.028841, -0.141512, -0.046094, 0.093529, 0.076752, 0.051903, 0.005952, -0.009119, 0.010468, 0.020529, -0.117752, -0.025551, -0.020633, -0.035827, -0.045041, 0.021877, 0.104439, -0.102344, 0.061173, 0.051902, -0.033153, -0.108546, 0.025007, 0.072691, 0.077366, 0.011611, 0.04351, -0.025391, -0.05113, 0.007496, 0.034405, -0.02956, 0.068544, 0.001138, 0.003294, 0.053225, -0.050753, 0.111305, -0.119559, 0.030768, -0.083323, 0.027577, 0.056574, 0.018864, -0.054351, -0.049986, -0.049595, -0.053463, 0.13749, 0.00749, -0.015237, 0.026897, 0.05586, -0.053209, -0.045824, 0.002495, -0.041811, -0.088512, -0.045982, 0.001083, 0.0257, -0.025021, -0.056821, 0.079298, -0.04138, 0.05842, 0.12725, 0.075797, -0.063705, 0.02849, -0.059318, -0.056288, -0.0, 0.008574, 0.003689, -0.050495, 0.019619, 0.014629, -0.01671, -0.091144, -0.046019, 0.033841, 0.041957, 0.036199, -0.038631, 0.102301, 0.037733, -0.048338, -0.015469, 0.088624, -0.01908, 0.036952, -0.064097, 0.002211, -0.016333, -0.041148, -0.136672, 0.031455, 0.05582, -0.057396, -0.033742, -0.040174, 0.019922, 0.024373, 0.028434, -0.041116, -0.010636, 0.015855, 0.065905, 0.043568, -0.086017, 0.07593, 0.030394, -0.033286, -0.062302, -2.2e-05, 0.03797, 0.023304, 0.035934, 0.004769, 0.031986, 0.037367, 0.08025, 0.008816, 0.075706, 0.018465, -0.045595, 0.039721, -0.06825, 0.077457, 0.014606, -0.020432, 0.001111, -0.046646, 0.029667, -0.053344, 0.022936, -0.049127, 0.09749, -0.117611, 0.009198, 0.027363, 0.013929, -0.059453, -0.024981, -0.014964, -0.052099, -0.072152, -0.029434, 0.064085, -0.061669, -0.025979, 0.044384, -0.024857, -0.029748, 0.03433, 0.025258, -0.068556, -0.01208, 0.012232, 0.037907, -0.008201, -0.011246, -0.010428, -0.021744, 0.024465, -0.051146, 0.089513, -0.0, -0.088108, -0.059916, -0.068388, -0.033385, -0.011911, 0.046535, -0.013162, 0.038588, 0.013721, 0.082723, -0.063084, -0.020575, 0.003376, -0.028997, 0.024753, 0.066644, 0.130634, -0.075558, 0.01607, 0.009222, 0.08584, -0.006819, -0.008291, -0.028557, -0.043678, 0.028515, 0.039927, -0.062592, -0.011772, 0.066762, 0.027508, 0.049087, -0.044781, -0.011181, 0.01947, 0.042389, -0.043233, 0.150881, 0.056146, 0.058995, 0.006498, 0.0312, -0.048804, 0.042909, 0.055467, -0.010208, -0.039895, 0.025032, 0.003819, -0.007193, 0.067929, -0.006023, 0.100482, 0.045188, -0.026133, 0.041239, -0.00594, 0.043054, -0.029386, 0.037435, -0.055699, 0.083548, 0.020668, -0.081702]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B2', title: '1984', author: 'George Orwell', summary: 'In a dystopian future, Winston Smith struggles under the oppressive rule of Big Brother, where thought control, surveillance, and propaganda dictate every aspect of life. His rebellion leads to devastating consequences, highlighting themes of totalitarianism and free will.', summaryEmbedding: [-0.008621, 0.091217, -0.022469, -0.022307, 0.025421, 0.106667, 0.001754, -0.065709, -0.022435, 0.057827, -0.014686, 0.083507, 0.017244, -0.024383, -0.042809, 0.035961, -0.047049, -0.020921, -0.105624, 0.020044, -0.047525, -0.023805, 0.014186, 0.047439, -0.098367, 0.044126, 0.017014, 0.044188, -0.009684, -0.001128, -0.052091, -0.021865, 0.052238, 8.1e-05, 0.051572, 0.049274, 0.127821, 0.048921, -0.011751, -0.055761, 0.080929, 0.012329, -0.032541, 0.005175, 0.066084, -0.035489, 0.031082, -0.037632, -0.063821, -0.066129, -0.083817, -0.067446, 0.05262, -0.040641, 0.075976, -0.048971, 0.05027, 0.043345, -0.014722, -0.027574, -0.080322, -0.079703, -0.0453, -0.04559, 0.123172, 0.042333, -0.017341, 0.101922, -0.062573, 0.018903, -0.015795, -0.016941, 0.015264, -0.01361, -0.029711, -0.129424, -0.024845, -0.046623, 0.070202, 0.0443, 0.044555, -0.036263, -0.041683, 0.029205, -0.020685, -0.058189, -0.050959, -0.094882, 0.067173, 0.057603, -0.141696, -0.040523, 0.103626, 0.004706, -0.002419, 0.026994, 0.039842, -0.079611, -0.017373, 0.048091, -0.000586, -0.102408, 0.003314, 0.017276, 0.072057, -0.074581, 0.00571, 0.055517, 0.003812, -0.017347, -0.045918, -0.026583, -0.007081, -0.001156, 0.074983, -0.06314, 0.031952, 0.064857, -0.090344, -0.001005, -0.005211, 0.055158, 0.001642, 0.083283, 0.024727, 0.01225, -0.069203, 0.0, 0.058527, -0.06331, -0.026313, 0.106823, 0.020646, 0.066962, -0.014701, 0.012424, -0.048987, 0.016992, 0.030238, 0.009228, -0.001398, 0.003784, 0.008936, -0.02945, -0.10223, 0.00147, 0.057326, -0.004417, 0.037417, 0.039103, -0.065892, -0.049494, -0.01638, -0.058114, 0.00627, -0.021849, 6.9e-05, 0.03128, -0.008536, 0.13667, -0.079108, -0.003364, 0.062429, -0.021096, -0.076557, 0.02552, 0.072538, 0.018936, -0.06582, -0.002364, -0.042559, -0.046163, 0.02353, 0.025484, 0.134463, -0.015504, 0.008163, 0.015497, 0.032764, -0.014837, -0.021536, -0.026372, -0.019168, -0.018369, 0.012288, 0.022915, -0.038598, 0.013136, 0.038327, -0.033941, 0.029572, 0.038635, 0.010302, -0.096252, -0.063117, 0.023227, -0.033092, 0.116314, 0.05231, 0.036388, -0.001562, -0.031798, -0.018992, 0.052904, -0.07524, 0.066415, -0.099247, -0.013089, 0.023965, 0.021162, 0.022265, 0.004833, -0.001407, 0.03795, 0.055859, -0.092378, 0.026872, 0.004792, -0.003908, -0.093358, 0.039128, -0.020318, -0.091551, -0.0, -0.046535, -0.037969, -0.015275, 0.035466, 0.035897, -0.041856, -0.068587, -0.048424, 0.050674, 0.021732, -0.002393, -0.000446, 0.082799, 0.096639, 0.016579, -0.086886, -0.001073, -0.064376, 0.00767, -0.078391, 0.016434, -0.08163, -0.089212, -0.044454, 0.026081, 0.020704, -0.017052, 0.043146, 0.054896, 0.068385, -0.076187, 0.038646, -0.010708, 0.033081, 0.0199, 0.013365, -0.049776, -0.024593, 0.037183, -0.059185, -0.033034, -0.082648, -0.051082, -0.011112, -0.022965, 0.082457, -0.031499, 0.082153, 0.068979, 0.046753, -0.016227, 0.073926, 0.0606, 0.070905, -0.037076, -0.037028, -0.009335, 0.009383, -0.036358, 0.083562, -0.045985, -0.027577, -0.042756, 0.053987, -0.015786, 0.0039, 0.002802, -0.008193, 0.055457, 0.001805, 0.031887, -0.018394, -0.019132, -0.013288, -0.017759, 0.075113, 0.002179, 0.028745, -0.065958, 0.067536, 0.034431, -0.000787, -0.003597, 0.037126, -0.078908, 0.038574, 0.020738, 0.02015, -0.022434, 0.014085, -0.009719, -0.074353, 0.01077, -0.028893, -0.063277, -0.0, -0.034541, -0.070277, -0.01941, -0.005865, 0.025197, 0.156431, -0.007559, -0.010247, -0.017656, 0.143602, 0.005042, 0.009212, 0.025819, 0.01296, -0.00971, -0.007876, -0.002272, -0.197964, -0.02206, -0.039796, -0.022518, -0.032865, 0.007375, -0.003651, -0.0462, -0.005679, -0.053877, 0.004966, 0.024284, 0.092053, 0.022698, 0.004373, -0.056023, -0.000805, -0.045853, -0.01124, -0.048844, 0.054292, 0.060142, -0.035152, 0.073488, 0.012782, 0.007185, 0.053344, 0.046284, -0.038154, 0.002134, -0.022759, 0.018632, 0.004865, 0.007326, 0.072386, 0.065414, 0.088595, 0.060261, 0.038146, 0.006272, -0.009755, -0.043143, 0.096786, 0.053373, 0.038265, -0.018444, -0.088154]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B3', title: 'To Kill a Mockingbird', author: 'Harper Lee', summary: 'Set in the racially segregated American South, young Scout Finch learns about justice, morality, and compassion as her father, Atticus, defends a Black man falsely accused of a crime. The novel critiques racial injustice and moral integrity.', summaryEmbedding: [-0.022685, 0.015848, -0.092268, -0.005805, -0.022488, 0.068271, 0.02367, -0.076058, 0.001692, 0.054104, -0.019726, 0.049662, -0.032534, -0.060678, -0.057997, 0.038616, -0.001378, -0.045663, 0.056475, -0.062887, -0.051291, -0.001839, 0.047033, 0.018193, -0.087559, -0.004835, 0.029741, 0.033604, -0.075808, -0.034328, -0.011623, 0.056132, -0.029609, 0.05784, -0.053374, -0.008421, 0.059536, 0.011486, 0.040402, -0.053378, 0.034115, 0.047713, -0.029198, 0.033163, -0.048845, -0.015496, 0.014193, 0.01629, 0.016696, -0.048943, -0.02624, -0.002712, -0.052129, 0.017977, 0.036515, 0.192931, 0.049121, -0.052412, -0.014696, -0.055299, 0.017556, -0.059171, -0.04358, -0.000374, 0.08837, 0.016388, -0.023403, 0.02679, 0.026857, -0.019931, 0.089695, 0.01848, 0.033951, -0.002633, -0.015978, 0.060431, -0.002146, -0.072816, 0.083049, -0.054542, -0.122107, -0.063148, -0.018241, 0.001507, -0.029217, -0.055296, 0.014008, -0.070861, 0.026001, 0.041461, 0.005675, -0.070044, 0.024955, -0.031703, 0.00496, 0.00298, -0.046805, -0.014339, -0.024775, 0.0036, 0.026304, 0.031486, 0.033874, -0.097939, 0.007877, -0.128841, 0.069143, -0.060687, -0.05836, 0.013264, 0.020339, -0.014861, -0.048052, 0.113456, 0.057867, -0.039831, 0.1082, -0.024683, -0.009688, 0.106214, 0.049241, 0.043009, -0.098569, 0.050751, -0.035511, -0.025629, -0.055357, -0.0, 0.000344, -0.040222, 0.00126, -0.05498, 0.094356, 0.01413, -0.000924, 0.000857, -0.036914, 0.024803, -0.05189, -0.039218, -0.027427, 0.05707, 0.022623, 0.043282, -0.060139, -0.031055, 0.007903, -0.055285, -0.052262, 0.08655, -0.068716, -0.102307, -0.022458, -0.005139, -0.008208, -0.001491, -0.03777, 0.02958, 0.018564, 0.078021, 0.018519, 0.001198, 0.054522, 0.024294, -0.031691, -0.00452, 0.028008, 0.055869, 0.014879, -0.007362, 0.017005, 0.023753, 0.047535, -0.041846, -4.3e-05, -0.072499, -0.002898, 0.095969, -0.007599, -0.045246, 0.017599, -0.099306, 0.012444, 0.020177, -0.012894, 0.048299, 0.034884, -0.01905, 0.027787, -0.089254, 0.02116, -0.025526, 0.131431, -0.022242, -0.014277, -0.063793, -0.075555, -0.071412, -0.020671, -0.000502, 0.052591, 0.014231, -0.114578, 0.061905, 0.080356, 0.035511, -0.006664, -0.099888, -0.038341, 0.053163, 0.004475, 0.050597, -0.060631, -0.087168, 0.031206, -0.038886, 0.049127, -0.006717, 0.03515, 0.019972, -0.063002, -0.050685, -0.033951, -0.0, -0.051403, -0.076823, -0.019102, -0.015079, 0.006799, -0.006192, -0.06391, 0.018134, 0.046867, 0.04254, -0.14006, 0.001749, 0.087653, 0.043973, 0.010296, -0.062619, 0.006579, 0.056982, 0.056944, 0.004014, 0.026428, 0.085596, 0.031212, -0.009975, 0.077334, -0.067559, 0.054914, -0.007478, -0.07235, 0.017259, 0.026155, 0.013296, 0.055108, 0.010877, -0.037271, -0.053544, 0.138026, -0.051412, 0.019886, -0.026173, 0.010775, 0.044069, -0.030083, -0.065359, 0.025701, -0.048204, 0.041498, 0.045431, -0.065991, -0.000544, -0.03375, -0.082099, 0.064499, 0.036706, 0.040195, -0.090202, 0.000224, -0.013191, 0.041538, 0.022912, -0.06631, 0.038736, -0.075775, 0.012915, 0.030208, -0.051127, -0.101145, -0.050251, 0.011345, -0.014097, -0.042367, -0.070446, -0.046517, -0.055846, -0.028637, 0.060218, -0.003596, 0.043566, -0.046985, 0.011142, 0.027758, -0.038324, -0.034962, 0.100388, 0.032007, 0.058802, 0.022879, 0.071764, 0.040747, 0.009099, 0.011572, -0.011558, -0.026943, -0.002484, -0.08566, -0.0, 0.001474, 0.034781, 0.018348, 0.047107, -0.003245, 0.093578, 0.002771, -0.052211, 0.006837, 0.099092, -0.090545, -0.076021, 0.099739, -0.053151, -0.004243, 0.003036, 0.078226, -0.021979, -0.037188, 0.087974, 0.052597, 0.091232, 0.084083, 0.01447, 0.008634, 0.004507, -0.041514, -0.074261, -0.052054, 0.060658, 0.011223, 0.134636, 0.075156, -0.001989, -0.086357, -0.040823, 0.065953, 0.10817, 0.076068, 0.011597, -0.021968, -0.014809, -0.009644, -0.044707, 0.013019, -0.01213, 0.01389, 0.038917, 0.010552, 0.005413, -0.023689, 0.034866, 0.02901, -0.035532, 0.040918, -0.019797, 0.00846, -0.031901, -0.01225, -0.050796, 0.1209, 0.048805, -0.049166, -0.012392]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B4', title: 'The Great Gatsby', author: 'F. Scott Fitzgerald', summary: 'Jay Gatsby, a wealthy but mysterious man, throws lavish parties in an attempt to win back his lost love, Daisy Buchanan. Through the eyes of Nick Carraway, the novel explores themes of the American Dream, class, and the illusions of wealth.', summaryEmbedding: [-0.02481, -0.061498, -0.016459, 0.013824, 0.061165, 0.016651, 0.142201, -0.072818, 0.020808, -0.002779, -0.049229, 0.048879, 0.041182, -0.134283, -0.012917, -0.048263, -0.077979, -0.014902, 0.05853, 0.0264, -0.016752, 0.032369, -0.083641, -0.008015, -0.001195, -0.032516, 0.109321, -0.044194, -0.109634, 0.034549, 0.020258, 0.019063, -0.073458, 0.025434, -0.057394, 0.009432, 0.047803, 0.032902, -0.015933, -0.025801, -0.087016, -0.020839, 0.015638, 0.043783, 0.023102, -0.029874, -0.007379, -0.123993, 0.049499, -0.009779, 0.020158, 0.032399, -0.049439, -0.051735, 0.104907, 0.091621, 0.021406, 0.00272, 0.021135, 0.071739, 0.006356, -0.015859, 0.037401, -0.046381, 0.123268, 0.000124, -0.07015, 0.038322, -0.074761, 0.034271, 0.028509, 0.030658, -0.069122, -0.067256, -0.075874, -0.003074, -0.037567, 0.003349, -0.001743, 0.078347, -0.117151, -0.049647, 0.017345, -0.027313, -0.049133, -0.019061, -0.036887, -0.074609, -0.001043, 0.07469, -0.00765, -0.036249, 0.001913, 0.052002, -0.074449, -0.021182, -0.038632, -0.078172, -0.078873, 0.031107, 0.026107, 0.063358, 0.057954, -0.050606, 0.023983, -0.038648, 0.080144, 0.032675, -0.014176, 0.021173, -0.036661, -0.002756, -0.03222, 0.003514, 0.013504, 0.012299, -0.05979, -0.085184, -0.034601, 0.068569, 0.048107, 0.107345, -0.060121, 0.019972, -0.070312, -0.039605, 0.016218, -0.0, -0.010852, -0.026466, 0.061672, 0.041158, 0.004425, 0.078448, 0.020051, -0.006576, -0.05914, 0.011103, 0.00973, 0.034362, -0.089097, 0.01065, -0.009454, 0.056516, -0.136623, 0.002715, 0.103283, -0.003275, 0.015716, 0.080948, 0.017405, -0.069842, -0.051074, -0.080407, -0.05674, -0.063471, -0.034554, 0.021867, -0.053822, 0.057751, 0.052536, -0.008749, -0.081234, -0.115503, 0.007877, -0.020663, 0.039926, 0.040143, -0.079047, -0.000906, 0.033132, 0.055861, -0.071967, 0.086942, 0.14623, 0.065717, 0.037711, 0.0543, -0.038971, -0.064067, 0.011975, -0.02761, -0.020649, -0.018462, -0.055563, -0.054769, 0.032509, -0.098422, 0.097408, -0.025396, 0.101892, -0.050168, -0.034889, 0.089117, -0.002952, -0.102663, -0.027529, 0.040746, -0.02576, -0.028761, 0.03842, -0.011613, 0.016411, 0.064884, 0.052058, 0.051048, -0.051964, -0.051136, -0.013555, -0.030569, -0.008559, 0.029522, -0.030514, 0.029898, 0.054727, -0.087916, -0.054066, 0.030773, 0.034251, 0.009487, -0.074071, -0.098242, -0.062851, -0.0, 0.024773, -0.034948, 0.012849, -0.027455, 0.088715, -0.033244, -0.003161, -0.045451, 0.032735, 0.015709, -0.124888, 0.019781, 0.089965, -0.017727, 0.008002, -0.087125, 0.039819, -0.09049, 0.01425, -0.012974, 0.037084, 0.048912, 0.032509, -0.104437, 0.006037, -0.013321, 0.015617, -0.02299, -0.07817, -0.024479, 0.04568, 0.010375, -0.010518, 0.026609, -0.048428, -0.019848, 0.026159, -0.014288, -0.010499, -0.05043, -0.03114, -0.062367, 0.001141, 0.025411, -0.010856, -0.020467, -0.043565, 0.044189, 0.055517, 0.024321, 0.002447, 0.045537, 0.017321, 0.08497, -0.023826, 0.009052, 0.036428, 0.027111, 0.031905, 0.114385, -0.073044, 0.008308, -0.014239, 0.020909, 0.030084, -0.018945, 0.00614, 0.013544, 0.022179, 0.008652, -0.025928, -0.091711, 0.053577, 0.000107, -0.014363, 0.131351, 0.026427, 0.010441, 0.002405, 0.015217, 0.056033, 0.026832, 0.046974, -0.004158, -0.050433, 0.033239, -0.014378, 0.007379, 0.018452, 0.021353, -0.062961, -0.05227, 0.032829, -0.049616, -0.050346, -0.0, -0.067956, -0.03242, -0.016346, -0.034438, -0.039518, 0.065123, 0.029656, 0.028142, 0.008457, 0.091718, -0.015256, -0.039197, 0.079874, 0.031033, 0.031567, -0.058562, 0.124938, 0.006887, -0.024335, 0.045624, 0.067157, -0.005782, -0.009172, -0.037202, 0.002565, 0.087897, -0.005818, -0.027061, -0.015172, 0.128069, -0.008347, 0.017995, 0.002395, -0.013229, 0.011757, -0.02203, -0.05814, 0.064249, 0.022116, -0.033141, -0.007192, 0.017367, 0.031594, -0.0118, -0.025942, -0.013397, 0.077393, 0.055882, 0.06671, 0.089779, 0.059657, -0.001718, 0.04319, -0.018253, 0.027701, -0.094625, -0.031938, 0.047505, 0.020611, -0.02551, 0.020609, 0.012773, -0.040688, 0.028274]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B5', title: 'Moby-Dick', author: 'Herman Melville', summary: 'Ishmael joins a whaling expedition led by the obsessed Captain Ahab, who is determined to hunt the white whale, Moby-Dick. The novel explores themes of fate, obsession, and the limits of human knowledge through rich symbolism and philosophical depth.', summaryEmbedding: [0.024986, 0.089268, 0.002462, 0.056911, -0.017491, 0.006182, 0.069281, -0.011298, -0.058844, 0.095656, -0.033212, -0.048018, 0.019251, 0.007835, -0.014317, 0.036393, 0.051647, -0.066298, 0.007904, -0.009003, 0.025912, 0.082135, -0.004169, -0.071499, -0.068779, -0.033475, 0.043288, -0.098509, -0.061247, -0.027778, 0.038296, -0.017489, 0.049383, 0.03766, -0.001323, 0.018727, 0.081769, -0.0149, 0.050969, -0.023185, 0.051637, 0.05853, 0.00913, 0.058257, -0.077568, -0.028462, -0.021934, -0.013313, 0.027687, 0.0052, -0.087602, -0.0663, -0.010015, -0.110712, 0.09007, -0.026897, 0.03675, -0.056516, 0.035419, -0.129894, 0.027267, -0.026057, 0.034729, 0.005644, 0.102603, -0.047904, -0.009344, 0.022349, -0.040942, 0.006883, 0.011361, 0.008611, -0.004154, -0.016876, -0.01313, -0.052067, -0.006183, -0.035464, 0.055621, -0.024267, -0.135943, -0.106936, -0.013493, 0.018449, 0.016532, 0.013576, -0.012736, -0.046021, -0.011444, -0.055291, 0.017749, -0.147933, -8.1e-05, -0.028001, -0.001052, 0.019796, -0.041573, 0.057494, -0.075127, 0.021072, 0.007211, -0.036711, -0.064611, -0.050708, -0.04879, -0.082788, -0.027285, -0.016139, 0.01136, -0.063803, -0.098311, -0.037908, 0.031846, 0.100425, 0.053012, 0.021356, 0.017865, -0.023734, -0.033644, -0.075537, 0.056319, 0.051129, 0.112451, 0.047294, -0.023279, -0.033195, 0.024845, -0.0, -0.001234, -0.051258, 0.00492, -0.007569, 0.042704, -0.002179, -0.0157, -0.007016, -0.03177, 0.001527, -0.005795, 0.035909, -0.006185, 0.119219, -0.042984, -0.051231, -0.003651, -0.033617, 0.030648, -0.046417, -0.014707, 0.054663, -0.005389, -0.026723, -0.043323, -0.064387, 0.004754, -0.037245, 0.022693, 0.089803, -0.051133, 0.020015, -0.057522, -0.014337, -0.057065, -0.031319, -0.091167, -0.00755, -0.0248, -0.094236, -0.003888, 0.019184, -0.050137, -0.022002, -0.073743, 0.108872, 0.066098, -0.021434, -0.01049, 0.054411, -0.036552, -0.021467, 0.060354, -0.064676, -0.007327, -0.002849, 0.058975, 0.044744, 0.031761, -0.042444, 0.011187, 0.005927, 0.012879, 0.099982, 0.058164, 0.050856, 0.091121, -0.052411, 0.025609, 0.068554, 0.00213, 0.039209, 0.03737, -0.00952, -0.109022, 0.022982, 0.027525, -0.003349, -0.098386, -0.044324, -0.030998, 0.025196, 0.012077, 0.001514, -0.050782, 0.010763, 0.102044, -0.073122, -0.001126, 0.029476, 0.060785, -0.033116, -0.042406, -0.072633, -0.01464, 0.0, 0.032076, -0.036369, 0.004868, -0.032269, 0.009427, -0.036844, 0.058991, 0.070871, -0.021884, -0.094925, -0.059264, -0.059758, 0.025842, 0.012715, 0.112768, -0.028522, 0.03887, 0.034485, 0.055494, -0.074663, 0.009614, -0.036765, -0.01732, -0.069716, 0.07336, 0.071665, -0.025984, 0.000679, -0.077052, -0.027983, -0.026014, 0.103975, 0.029391, -0.053237, -0.075429, 0.063725, 0.040997, 0.055177, 0.028118, -0.017124, -0.017628, -0.000664, -0.006777, -0.037269, -0.04876, 0.037831, -0.034018, 0.115962, -0.024095, -0.000249, -0.005647, 0.039172, 0.106592, -0.085204, 0.061715, 0.042662, -0.021477, -0.032446, 0.039852, 0.001872, -0.060029, -0.042848, 0.041087, 0.032727, -0.040228, 0.002983, 0.008411, -0.090762, -0.009637, 0.017465, -0.003444, -0.073146, -0.052097, 0.03692, 0.013062, 0.046833, -0.096567, 0.026681, -0.039308, 0.040154, -0.054448, -0.004534, 0.018972, 0.11418, 0.032343, 0.008066, -0.023917, 0.089204, 0.046101, -0.017465, -0.041015, -0.053506, -0.024774, 0.033292, 0.012615, -0.0, -0.051662, -0.056536, 0.075332, -0.014211, 0.06104, 0.095765, -0.035307, 0.009331, -0.016606, 0.097363, 0.009923, 0.018415, 0.013492, 0.092102, -0.010562, -0.030544, 0.076898, -0.085053, -0.010554, -0.012726, 0.014894, -0.003037, 0.030773, -0.049188, -0.023961, 0.114537, -0.051036, -0.08396, 0.048463, 0.04152, 0.017938, 0.05466, -0.012975, -0.009366, -0.041479, 0.06124, -0.020477, -0.003307, 0.027755, 0.058596, 0.021437, 0.142451, 0.078608, 0.080473, 0.05182, 0.009803, 0.018128, 0.022249, -0.039128, -0.051696, -0.045714, 0.024123, 0.036962, 0.030822, 0.007994, -0.077624, -0.068565, 0.010505, -0.028864, 0.056541, 0.185368, -0.006059, -0.011937, 0.007561]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B6', title: 'Crime and Punishment', author: 'Fyodor Dostoevsky', summary: 'Raskolnikov, a destitute student in St. Petersburg, commits murder under the belief that he is above moral law. As guilt consumes him, he is drawn into a psychological battle with an investigator, ultimately finding redemption through suffering and confession.', summaryEmbedding: [-0.005746, 0.055988, -0.13981, 0.034377, 0.073211, -0.025192, 0.039414, 0.02614, 0.016537, 0.052656, 0.018935, 0.0347, -0.026677, 0.0725, -0.027476, -0.017418, -0.018498, 0.023923, -0.027701, 0.021797, -0.078968, -0.077619, 0.11921, -0.102545, 0.077975, 0.01584, 0.059991, -0.003676, -0.028952, -0.00785, -0.001603, -0.029296, 0.046073, 0.037007, 0.012328, 0.047972, -0.011646, 0.055175, -0.042309, 0.097293, -0.050229, 0.014376, 0.002547, 0.064158, -0.01945, -0.038625, -0.109628, -0.001013, 0.056956, -0.081477, -0.159172, 0.00953, -0.079107, 0.039161, -0.012838, -0.064483, 0.033846, 0.045292, -0.031192, -0.033835, 0.0777, 0.005205, -0.042888, -0.009348, -0.021094, -0.022319, 0.020205, 0.041475, -0.001329, 0.07305, 0.078324, -0.006299, -0.034242, -0.064566, -0.116704, -0.002941, 0.00896, 0.005175, 0.046975, 0.007779, 0.050727, -0.032339, 0.017511, -0.009087, -0.005941, -0.008464, 0.074875, -0.065548, 0.074677, 0.025667, -0.013692, -0.010992, 0.066441, -0.11594, -0.020848, 0.041044, -0.035696, 0.034047, -0.080847, 0.028601, -0.065866, -0.063303, 0.024242, -0.051987, -0.00394, 0.035361, -0.068607, -0.028621, -0.018264, -0.023659, -0.018068, 0.010826, -0.037121, 0.027646, 0.147516, 0.074995, 0.033555, 0.034059, -0.085895, 0.068073, 0.057082, 0.003678, -0.072365, 0.06514, -0.005044, -0.002203, -0.060674, 0.0, 0.003424, -0.030131, -0.05427, -0.083887, -0.021993, -0.024428, -0.042837, -0.001196, 0.009994, 0.117412, 0.021904, -0.044558, -0.049812, 0.048487, -0.067086, 0.100212, 0.00388, -0.01634, -0.064747, 0.081023, 0.089131, 0.024081, -0.012508, -0.001706, -0.11111, -0.047178, 0.022959, -0.017247, -0.008692, -0.002073, -0.025543, 0.02156, -0.02727, 0.030173, -0.042, 0.035403, -0.058783, -0.002002, 0.018528, 0.019429, -0.009486, -0.016824, -0.012513, 0.018614, 0.037413, -0.009725, 0.002309, -0.097262, 0.009947, 0.093972, -0.064316, -0.044598, 0.032113, 0.010113, -0.024806, 0.052718, -0.002825, 0.038685, 0.02499, -0.016412, 0.002405, -0.053559, -0.065159, -0.016558, -0.010882, -0.107866, 0.033846, -0.012336, 0.004257, -0.037368, -0.024805, 0.008619, -0.002165, -0.034263, -0.037685, -0.012282, -0.015092, -0.017186, 0.014866, -0.011953, -0.060926, 0.011058, -0.000645, 0.010369, -0.062733, 0.098853, -0.006584, -0.092125, 0.005484, 0.033885, -0.002268, -0.060514, 0.027181, -0.003506, -0.036113, -0.0, 0.056272, -0.065163, -0.056951, 0.028432, 0.013235, 0.010438, -0.029593, 0.018381, -0.06453, -0.015357, -0.003428, -0.076944, 0.040147, 0.160506, 0.046943, -0.079662, 0.068787, 0.0554, -0.094236, -0.023983, -0.001392, 0.078512, 0.006767, 0.029464, 0.045002, -0.011936, 0.114471, -0.01393, -0.121687, 0.051634, 0.023189, 0.053876, -0.01963, -0.026283, 0.046511, 0.028224, 0.140167, -0.016735, -0.092401, -0.005554, 0.0159, 0.006074, -0.047027, 0.031955, -0.036861, -0.073613, 0.016842, 0.150527, 0.084991, -0.128884, -0.049294, -0.003204, 0.021601, 0.039839, 0.002886, -0.009057, -0.036102, -0.040845, 0.020068, 0.033008, -0.034531, -0.072839, 0.018869, 0.093317, 0.0236, 0.071292, -0.023118, -0.039622, -0.049368, -0.010895, -0.012747, -0.028605, -0.012168, 0.02488, 0.006548, -0.014851, -0.027014, 0.022936, -0.015811, -0.066755, 0.084534, -0.116532, -0.042418, 0.064624, -0.044151, -0.042124, -0.01888, -0.072068, 0.038346, -0.049078, -0.025022, 0.008454, -0.007817, 0.014917, 0.02355, -0.0, 0.037923, 0.039917, -0.017496, -0.024757, 0.02151, 0.037723, -0.077877, -0.040243, -0.075173, 0.144728, -0.045712, 0.067646, 0.03741, 0.02065, 0.022836, 0.004735, 0.127762, 0.030299, 0.014688, 0.009962, 0.063411, -0.039163, 0.051119, -0.00729, 0.025761, 0.016705, -0.0045, 0.027566, 0.036776, 0.078343, -0.005368, 0.0873, 0.01514, 0.033563, 0.033052, -0.063143, 0.029269, 0.011762, -0.034033, -0.066038, 0.01368, 0.020722, 0.031004, -0.012194, -0.02145, -0.025953, 0.003065, -0.055487, 0.039679, 0.068359, -0.009597, 0.058518, -0.007604, 0.023715, 0.036578, -0.065714, 0.015161, 0.032566, -0.104722, -0.01596, 0.08477, -0.011824, 0.001901, -0.095109]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B7', title: 'Brave New World', author: 'Aldous Huxley', summary: 'In a future society where pleasure, consumerism, and genetic engineering maintain stability, Bernard Marx questions the cost of happiness. When he introduces a \'savage\' to this world, the encounter exposes the dark side of a society that sacrifices individuality for order.', summaryEmbedding: [-0.017259, 0.103397, -0.044578, 0.057012, 0.031334, 0.022794, 0.034241, 0.022861, -0.022973, -0.002988, 0.026662, 0.011121, 0.007896, -0.016325, -0.067179, -0.015455, -0.02687, -0.027194, -0.021197, 0.040037, -0.066882, -0.024336, -0.019088, 0.022188, -0.093807, -0.045609, 0.059535, -0.029698, 0.003686, 0.004405, 0.05633, -0.017466, 0.100844, 0.010182, 0.017576, 0.002719, 0.051209, -0.040099, -0.011043, -0.02955, 0.034576, -0.0445, -0.104234, -0.007111, 0.013781, -0.008157, 0.040142, -0.048667, -0.035672, -0.054672, -0.048576, -0.063592, -0.034244, -0.069988, 0.004488, 0.021394, 0.095717, -0.014006, -0.013539, 0.038022, -0.013671, -0.038218, -0.018888, 0.002637, 0.182136, -0.004898, 0.026355, 0.082061, -0.160809, 0.063882, -0.002202, -0.054789, 0.02606, -0.021259, 0.019636, -0.039003, 0.008656, -0.031885, -0.01666, 0.043713, 0.061052, -0.049492, -0.091198, -0.011191, -0.034691, -0.047018, 0.027816, -0.033231, 0.124252, 0.040856, -0.106303, -0.028136, 0.019898, 0.01694, -0.031328, 0.063509, -0.036953, -0.012367, -0.045935, 0.013576, -0.036081, -0.000299, 0.050027, 0.002613, 0.009789, -0.100088, -0.060031, 0.045898, 0.005561, -0.023754, -0.086314, -0.031876, 0.062488, 0.011988, 0.083099, -0.048623, 0.002851, -0.019463, -0.008752, -0.058591, 0.039104, 0.017159, -0.006463, 0.067699, -0.02607, -0.010121, -0.031432, -0.0, -0.059153, -0.055743, -0.005979, 0.032122, -0.057076, 0.018289, -0.023364, -0.003988, -0.053989, 0.03556, -0.022213, -0.013591, 0.007464, 0.151852, -0.047806, -0.038157, -0.055994, 0.022578, 0.048228, 0.012102, -0.021222, 0.019579, 0.033437, -0.038491, -0.014621, 0.024808, 0.007354, -0.059838, 0.009424, -0.005229, -0.04259, 0.134666, -0.015073, -0.062844, 0.094071, 0.080422, -0.029047, 0.017782, -0.027375, -0.009948, -0.08347, 0.037524, -0.036121, -0.036947, 0.040124, 0.070759, 0.144785, -0.012351, -0.056183, 0.032976, -0.048213, 0.009762, 0.046677, -0.041434, 0.039932, -0.047815, -0.017547, 0.051449, -0.042486, -0.068182, -0.023444, -0.077995, -0.020526, -0.077629, 0.059145, 0.021055, -0.008027, -0.023492, -0.005272, 0.057566, 0.067111, 0.022477, -0.050164, -0.058129, -0.028983, 0.06934, -0.037777, 0.076068, -0.023604, -0.021174, -0.022995, 0.014497, -0.080644, -0.046228, 0.075724, 0.058318, 0.087946, -0.039721, 0.031617, 0.064175, -0.032576, -0.072969, 0.07993, 0.039232, -0.058019, -0.0, 0.001815, -0.062184, -0.091704, 0.063733, 0.034464, 0.003755, -0.107276, -0.016212, -0.038049, 0.109781, 0.052522, -0.035196, 0.096909, 0.064796, 0.041481, -0.066994, -0.004088, -0.031193, -0.016678, -0.020756, -0.017423, 0.097273, -0.064645, -0.007434, -0.046206, 0.063278, -0.0058, 0.019352, -0.01875, -0.038287, -0.131971, 0.069609, -0.026389, -0.007952, 0.094204, 0.114747, -0.02225, 0.045546, 0.022435, 0.02553, -0.02942, 0.043162, -0.014631, 0.038077, 0.022828, 0.02986, -0.038594, -0.040013, 0.053952, 0.075722, 0.066878, 0.048534, 0.017969, -0.007684, 0.000458, -0.058613, -0.000653, -0.051559, 0.01129, -0.001066, -0.099043, 0.00275, -0.011683, 0.072238, -0.036786, -0.028156, -0.025493, -0.0271, -0.015456, -0.004339, 0.024932, -0.064066, -0.017364, -0.06969, -0.091319, 0.010456, -0.01095, 0.098159, 0.034705, -0.010277, 0.009045, -0.06952, 0.096122, 0.012518, -0.091869, -0.070418, -0.06481, 0.009472, 0.049188, 0.036197, -0.052241, -0.072664, -0.04769, -0.0598, 0.040116, -0.0, -0.04121, -0.086154, -0.036936, 0.004692, 0.044768, 0.056503, 0.001971, -0.020422, -0.028664, 0.171012, 0.002293, 0.081149, 0.045766, 0.090965, -0.032764, 0.064438, -0.008772, -0.053547, -0.021336, 0.005231, 0.025296, 0.034145, 0.039741, -0.010729, -0.04986, 0.019436, -0.001679, -0.059775, -0.019667, 0.038212, 0.040332, 0.029997, -0.046977, -0.059819, 0.018583, -0.002212, -0.05785, 0.039357, 0.058167, 0.025605, 0.010614, 0.09199, -0.011093, 0.020555, 0.021215, -0.033353, -0.015415, 0.031244, -0.036662, 0.058039, -0.024264, -0.017294, 0.020135, -0.046477, 0.008696, -0.108873, 0.029367, 0.030776, -0.051613, 0.042767, 0.098425, -0.019779, 0.048419, -0.094105]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B8', title: 'The Catcher in the Rye', author: 'J.D. Salinger', summary: 'Teenager Holden Caulfield narrates his journey through New York City after being expelled from prep school, revealing his struggles with identity, alienation, and the transition into adulthood. His cynical yet vulnerable perspective has resonated with generations of readers.', summaryEmbedding: [0.032516, -0.009188, 0.070708, -0.019265, 0.024578, 0.04688, 0.046333, -0.046068, -0.005468, -0.009286, 0.050508, -0.024029, -0.091306, 0.016981, -0.082689, 0.009934, -0.017832, -0.003675, -0.001866, 0.002027, -0.054152, -0.018572, -0.055326, 0.010868, 0.03393, 0.10297, 0.031146, 0.025373, -0.10103, 0.017887, 0.005652, 0.038809, -0.030148, 0.006738, 0.022013, 0.027957, 0.067862, 0.052333, 0.032198, -0.046697, -0.049901, 0.025845, -0.052898, 0.062259, -0.008954, -0.120789, -0.015074, -0.026156, 0.087438, -0.080062, -0.093308, -0.014656, 0.003864, 0.011168, -0.038792, 0.102395, 0.034344, 0.055851, 0.043417, -0.010732, -0.036203, -0.107561, 0.014454, 0.030576, 0.054101, -0.000634, -0.056048, 0.027261, -0.00961, 0.050651, -0.053551, 0.077111, 0.054687, -0.020911, -0.010324, 0.01064, -0.041549, 0.006844, 0.13777, -0.002886, 0.04313, -0.007095, -0.05359, 0.023936, -0.039793, -0.090577, 0.054861, -0.055177, 0.009262, 0.11014, -0.01926, -0.019301, -0.036056, 0.04318, -0.102316, -0.047716, 0.022808, 0.009633, -0.006712, -0.015204, 0.022175, 0.023645, 0.067269, 0.026089, -0.004237, -0.098668, -0.011476, -0.054106, -0.049758, 0.00528, 0.000898, -0.002572, -0.061696, 0.02992, 0.112779, 0.056855, 0.037696, -0.020957, -0.060573, 0.017309, 0.021296, 0.03497, -0.109468, 0.012613, -0.093845, -0.012833, 0.006813, 0.0, 0.01861, 0.025903, -0.010538, 0.095405, 0.053369, -0.030506, -0.004146, 0.085971, -0.022108, -0.05387, 0.030915, -0.004592, -0.053619, -0.091326, -0.022563, 0.046108, -0.108041, -0.058061, 0.064044, -0.0, 0.01255, 0.078234, -0.040699, -0.063814, -0.06923, -0.030468, -0.013631, -0.005722, -0.091977, 0.036681, -0.00338, 0.112093, -0.020484, -0.015726, 0.018899, -0.002446, 0.083236, -0.062863, 0.066971, -0.027222, -0.021017, -0.029076, 0.055889, -0.00695, 0.018233, 0.02785, 0.000561, -0.007028, 0.027473, 0.103516, 0.021181, -0.005933, -0.026229, -0.078342, -0.020563, 0.060083, -0.047893, -0.031141, 0.030236, -0.060851, 0.067715, 0.005657, -0.013435, 0.002945, -0.001535, -0.018559, 0.019184, -0.084974, -0.003402, 0.091859, -0.098081, 0.021993, -0.055955, 0.001308, -0.045453, 0.000735, -0.022333, -0.002646, -0.012392, -0.021156, -0.005981, 0.015047, -0.033866, 0.009798, 0.011691, -0.025041, 0.031571, -0.027014, 0.014956, 0.087836, 0.020295, -0.059869, -0.037173, -0.032808, -0.038437, -0.0, 0.130383, -0.097648, -0.01345, -0.024089, -0.007528, -0.010827, -0.029024, 0.047052, 0.089843, -0.021309, -0.09966, 0.037208, 0.138622, 0.039927, 0.00776, -0.017999, 0.041434, -0.019933, -0.104815, -0.07539, 0.071844, 0.051161, -0.111602, -0.01012, -0.022304, -0.05764, 0.07425, -0.025308, -0.109585, -0.014645, 0.118982, -0.030364, 0.074366, -0.036482, -0.093324, 0.025669, 0.03087, -0.016928, -0.034251, -0.008257, -0.000733, -0.088972, -0.014655, 0.028086, -0.045136, 0.014018, 0.004095, 0.073507, 0.006848, 0.122741, -0.036462, 0.048057, -0.003983, 0.063989, -0.000673, -0.020356, -0.031439, -0.049426, -0.06523, 0.046475, 0.009235, -0.00081, -0.130924, -0.087942, 0.033968, -0.0905, -0.131149, -0.082562, -0.006921, -0.006768, 0.031388, -0.02051, -0.047359, -0.014786, 0.02527, 0.003396, 0.00095, 0.006488, -0.041579, 0.02919, 0.093931, 0.013374, 0.013243, 0.052375, -0.042649, 0.041872, 0.007156, -0.012531, 0.017346, 0.000636, 0.087647, -0.043146, -0.081706, -0.072325, -0.03088, -0.0, -0.024789, 0.039127, -0.019309, -0.012856, -0.013551, 0.116218, 0.044275, 0.005258, 0.050627, 0.057412, -0.026978, -0.025628, 0.06918, 0.01821, -0.001116, 0.004494, 0.060615, -0.048426, -0.061664, 0.014049, -0.012403, 0.007233, -0.036198, 0.07537, -0.006816, 0.030819, -0.046416, -0.124791, -0.02238, 0.070236, -0.031736, 0.018288, 0.069545, 0.023002, -0.072263, 0.036903, 0.027269, 0.006707, 0.017548, -0.007912, 0.07548, -0.023146, -0.00237, 0.024605, -0.070593, 0.0289, -0.000821, 0.014243, 0.034212, 0.079833, 0.014773, 0.006133, 0.028424, 0.031948, 0.011631, -0.004776, -0.041419, 0.067557, -0.101373, 0.006203, 0.136539, 0.046626, -0.00234, 0.014882]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B9', title: 'Frankenstein', author: 'Mary Shelley', summary: 'Victor Frankenstein, a scientist obsessed with creating life, brings a monstrous being to existence but abandons it in fear. The novel explores themes of scientific responsibility, the nature of humanity, and the consequences of unchecked ambition.', summaryEmbedding: [-0.046957, 0.065709, 0.006964, 0.074613, 0.034062, 0.013721, -0.005549, 0.029249, 0.000332, 0.013605, -0.087653, 0.000806, 0.030134, 0.025927, -0.132973, 0.013286, -0.08689, -0.024487, 0.018571, 0.013847, 0.017783, 0.01117, -0.017028, 0.002927, -0.041043, -0.008277, 0.070023, -0.071365, -0.070602, 0.020261, 0.028651, -0.012192, 0.050337, -0.067922, 0.065252, -0.048554, 0.058497, 0.003249, -0.017292, 0.004034, -0.061412, 0.006066, -0.048584, 0.082069, -0.037084, -0.073443, -0.072632, -0.02487, -0.001188, -0.05623, -0.093962, -0.098287, -0.023887, -0.123958, 0.059134, 0.056979, 0.054287, -0.005143, 0.009065, -0.084629, 0.100587, -0.015422, 0.005776, -0.021798, 0.102462, 0.043887, -0.003097, 0.025339, -0.099009, 0.086806, 0.034008, 0.004046, 0.088577, -0.063542, 0.130197, -0.102255, -0.067873, -0.01635, 0.067604, 0.04946, 0.02878, -0.034084, -0.022238, -0.032514, -0.010374, 0.009968, 0.054338, -0.0125, 0.039438, 0.076097, -0.104244, -0.173754, -0.00499, 0.028141, -0.081569, 0.096396, -0.03934, -0.015966, -0.012415, -0.030318, -0.033095, -0.018633, -0.018929, 0.043378, 0.077408, -0.019857, -0.032045, -0.024655, 0.003373, 0.074312, 0.007736, -0.029905, -0.002242, 0.063644, 0.082125, 0.047666, -0.037057, 0.024977, 0.014368, 0.092005, 0.067945, 0.068438, -0.083451, 0.061588, -0.010636, 0.008954, -0.009939, -0.0, 0.046386, -0.048714, 0.006538, 0.020605, 0.012755, -0.019373, -0.010894, 0.012077, 0.005244, 0.023393, -0.069603, -0.038577, -0.001455, 0.102321, -0.08288, -0.000323, -0.004269, 0.00415, 0.0508, 0.033135, -0.015115, -0.015371, -0.051328, -0.028962, -0.017519, -0.026, -0.074493, -0.018086, -0.00855, 0.02393, -0.012138, 0.033631, -0.041032, -0.046827, 0.006388, -0.019737, -0.079612, 0.011288, -0.023815, 0.073309, -0.026024, 0.094112, -0.04673, -0.014092, 0.042174, 0.040827, 0.082546, 0.017058, 0.005469, 0.039375, -0.038968, -0.006206, 0.054017, -0.03432, 0.032128, -0.016339, 0.011811, 0.001455, 0.010581, -0.086398, 0.034789, -0.017112, 0.011433, 0.033822, 0.086371, -0.027885, 0.042008, -0.000508, -0.025593, -0.00046, -0.083407, -0.042187, -0.013563, 0.023569, -0.03534, 0.02856, 0.064611, -0.058498, -0.059068, -0.040961, -0.004412, -0.048576, -0.003099, -0.100415, -0.015751, 0.012457, -0.031247, -0.062095, -0.027132, 0.087159, 0.023244, -0.099496, -0.000599, -0.008039, -0.099082, 0.0, -0.00197, -0.100289, -0.030447, -0.035856, -0.024363, 0.005893, -0.158863, 0.00279, 0.010152, 0.003433, -0.05904, -0.004651, 0.123386, 0.005394, 0.013287, -0.042991, -0.052677, -0.020915, -0.031895, -0.007524, -0.029103, 0.048246, -0.07186, -0.08467, -0.000752, 0.056677, 0.013265, 0.020505, -0.027982, 0.03428, -0.03972, 0.003048, 0.020467, -0.049868, 0.042837, 0.064849, 0.078438, -0.015103, 0.107605, 0.015397, -0.034365, -0.007836, -0.052174, 0.056569, 0.053367, 0.044222, 0.038088, 0.006299, 0.061455, 0.009697, -0.019882, 0.027669, 0.023709, -0.047638, -0.018196, -0.081687, -0.023736, -0.05436, 0.069259, 0.166616, 0.014344, 0.037047, -0.035921, 0.123174, -0.069315, 0.022176, -0.064132, 0.071471, 0.008736, 0.010309, -0.062187, -0.04786, -0.031875, 0.010754, -0.022127, -0.021731, -0.050632, 0.020045, -0.049533, 0.07435, 0.020031, -0.030537, 0.072515, 0.051656, 0.001765, -0.066195, -0.008856, 0.029652, -0.016023, 0.030355, -0.054704, -0.009417, -0.034567, 0.008769, 0.009084, -0.0, 0.092742, 0.006955, 0.007568, -0.044769, 0.024518, 0.015511, -0.035874, -0.063806, -0.068324, 0.087327, -0.061477, 0.016215, -0.029122, 0.093099, 0.046687, 0.014538, 0.093185, -0.037018, -0.061453, 0.010765, 0.092208, 0.0409, -0.017275, -0.083655, 0.012716, 0.016558, 0.023817, -0.043818, -0.061375, 0.067003, -0.023421, 0.103502, -0.033183, 0.001046, -0.054139, -0.008243, 0.045347, 0.019134, 0.004774, -0.074943, 0.061599, 0.08263, -0.040426, 0.010847, 0.001629, -0.042297, 0.048411, -0.016336, 0.015362, 0.025051, 0.030049, 0.005608, 0.021213, 0.017278, 0.00386, -0.00129, 0.025045, 0.038732, -0.112649, -0.068845, 0.091121, -0.008, 0.080029, -0.039866]}),
       (:Book {_id: 'B10', title: 'One Hundred Years of Solitude', author: 'Gabriel García Márquez', summary: 'Following the Buendía family across multiple generations in the fictional town of Macondo, this novel blends history, myth, and magical realism to explore themes of fate, solitude, and the cyclical nature of time.', summaryEmbedding: [0.026657, 0.028431, -0.032534, 0.056663, -0.022202, 0.038214, -0.007063, -0.097044, -0.024331, -0.042871, -0.00251, -0.01553, 0.04323, -0.108958, -0.037939, 0.044918, -0.02538, 0.022936, 0.015863, 0.027742, 0.034097, -0.021096, 0.024324, 0.119196, -0.073228, 0.006559, 0.093397, 0.018486, -0.077086, -0.066561, -0.061422, 0.083535, -0.017346, -0.049387, -0.001638, 0.014735, 0.012934, 0.054124, -0.018105, 0.008935, -0.008215, 0.013462, 0.006916, -0.057713, -0.036141, -0.076769, -0.01255, -0.042816, 0.033945, 0.011049, 0.012599, 0.006512, -0.013986, 0.011707, 0.011394, 0.138732, -0.090052, -0.001359, 0.047595, -0.031377, 0.048807, 0.015989, -0.040635, -0.000918, 0.049152, 0.006386, 0.014818, 0.06819, -0.012148, -0.115982, 0.081899, 0.009315, -0.008733, -0.010497, 0.055025, 0.063113, -0.065804, -0.046015, -0.054258, -0.10576, -0.030416, -0.030894, 0.052531, -0.0009, -0.078448, 0.002013, 0.083189, -0.036041, 0.044023, 0.002832, 0.011774, -0.039046, 0.005307, -0.024456, -0.024371, 0.04093, 0.013415, 0.002909, 0.030738, 0.046649, -0.015398, -0.013008, 0.077159, 0.028251, 0.03245, -0.077669, -0.002729, -0.031976, -0.024357, -0.040971, 0.019992, -0.036634, -0.002091, -0.000272, 0.032189, 0.027045, -0.000631, -0.048646, -0.005171, 0.045688, 0.083919, 0.078233, -0.07958, 0.019427, 9.8e-05, 0.017786, 0.064538, -0.0, 0.011291, 0.031707, -0.065485, 0.062288, 0.066205, 0.03635, -0.068279, 0.012186, -0.066348, -0.103788, -0.000231, 0.046946, -0.059594, -0.012265, -0.005379, 0.03138, -0.093309, 0.028483, 0.129385, -0.010616, -0.036748, 0.04558, -0.108451, -0.056888, -0.075547, 0.018319, -0.002528, 0.016778, 0.002166, 0.040355, 0.062555, 0.102585, -6e-05, -0.149261, 0.010235, 0.03125, 0.011882, -0.041834, -0.002033, 0.042827, -0.057175, -0.027426, -0.110007, 0.047332, -0.000561, -0.067093, 0.073731, -0.022006, 0.016884, 0.024503, -0.078724, -0.021635, -0.0234, 0.000914, -0.027096, 0.000546, -0.006549, -0.023952, 0.066146, 0.005767, 0.162328, 0.019604, 0.048126, 0.022859, 0.066474, -0.015293, 0.006383, 0.100716, 0.058188, -0.036845, -0.026259, 0.004199, 0.040034, 0.007741, -0.006, 0.03083, 0.016829, -0.018671, -0.063338, -0.016366, -0.052646, -0.035678, -0.024429, 0.059136, 0.047461, 0.003303, 0.057969, -0.068163, -0.095383, 0.001882, 0.062801, 0.057053, 0.041009, -0.070887, -0.064489, -0.0, 0.046044, -0.058527, 0.012656, -0.020662, 0.065134, -0.078622, -0.137736, 0.058991, -0.036417, -0.025577, -0.001395, -0.053878, 0.099823, -0.000594, 0.032634, -0.033411, 0.084393, -0.023813, -0.061469, 0.007068, -0.038479, -0.041105, -0.091287, -0.116455, 0.109362, 0.032847, -0.016454, 0.000362, -0.121496, 0.070174, -0.000928, -0.009022, 0.047538, 0.005848, -0.010767, 0.059154, 0.050466, -0.022684, 0.029563, -0.074714, -0.032717, -0.059118, -0.010511, -0.060255, -0.000631, 0.090146, 0.01357, 0.05687, 0.040539, -0.024013, 0.096113, 0.030667, 0.0207, -0.046447, 0.022878, -0.048885, 0.009639, -0.055045, -0.056503, 0.057068, -0.045769, 0.032228, -0.002691, 0.011516, -0.007624, 0.007416, -0.079591, -0.053043, -0.029711, -0.01563, -0.065008, -0.046114, -0.042554, -0.004175, -0.067101, 0.114811, 0.004281, -0.009707, -0.023001, 0.027512, -0.007294, -0.036965, 0.011704, 0.00298, -0.066851, 0.009078, -0.078874, 0.004576, 0.013394, 0.029089, -0.02249, -0.052906, -0.004407, -0.044846, 0.006333, -0.0, 0.081447, -0.018687, 0.007597, -0.033239, 0.009538, 0.013418, 0.045043, -0.052031, -0.062322, 0.056952, -0.032707, -0.013834, 0.053223, 0.068142, 0.051683, 0.024035, 0.150549, -0.024804, -0.037482, -0.018459, 0.021708, 0.00225, 0.061038, -0.057281, -0.018757, 0.038778, -0.048686, -0.073497, 0.098296, 0.001349, 0.099337, 0.037205, -0.004721, 0.068433, -0.018506, -0.041574, -0.063517, 0.100771, -0.093404, -0.085058, 0.122797, -0.036402, -0.04629, -0.001159, 0.054401, -0.06072, 0.074008, 0.051591, 0.009301, 0.019513, -0.057999, -0.015122, 0.074181, 0.053202, 0.052196, -0.000656, -0.006664, 0.027594, -0.028435, -0.004762, 0.018872, 0.074735, 0.010855, -0.005242]})

Showing Vector Indexes

To retrieve node vector indexes in the current graph:

SHOW VECTOR INDEX ON NODE

The information about vector indexes is organized into a _nodeVectorIndex table with the following fields:

Field	Description
`name`	Vector index name.
`schema`	The schema of the vector index.
`properties`	The property of the vector index.
`vector_server_name`	The vector server that hosts the vector index.
`status`	Vector index status, which can be `DONE` or `CREATING`.
`config`	Vector index configuration, including `similarity_function`, `index_type`, and `dimensions`.

Creating a Vector Index

You can create a vector index using the CREATE VECTOR INDEX statement for a node property of the list<float> or list<double> type. The vector index creation runs as a job, you may run SHOW JOB afterward to verify the success of the creation.

To create a vector index named summary_embedding for the property summaryEmbedding of Book nodes:

CREATE VECTOR INDEX "summary_embedding" ON NODE Book (summaryEmbedding) OPTIONS {
  similarity_function: "COSINE",
  index_type: "FLAT",
  dimensions: 384,
  vector_server: "vector_server_1"
}

Details

The vector index name must be unique. Naming conventions are:
- 2 to 64 characters.
- Begins with a letter.
- Allowed characters: letters (A-Z, a-z), numbers (0-9) and underscores (_).
A vector index is applied to a single schema and a single property.
Configurations for a vector index:

Item	Type	Default	Description
`similarity_function`	String	`L2`	The similarity function used to assess the similarity of two vectors. Supports `L2`, `COSINE`, and `IP`. Learn more
`index_type`	String	`FLAT`	The method used to organize and search the vectors in the index. Supports `FLAT`, `IVF_FLAT`, `IVF_SQ8`, `IVF_PQ`, `HNSW`, `HNSW_SQ`, `HNSW_PQ`, `HNSW_PRQ`, and `SCANN`. Learn more
`dimensions`	Integer	`128`	The dimensions of the vectors to be indexed. Only vectors of the configured dimension are indexed, and querying the index with a vector of a different dimensions will return an error.
`vector_server`	String	/	The name of the vector server that hosts the vector index.

Dropping a Vector Index

You can drop a vector index using the DROP VECTOR INDEX statement. Dropping a vector index does not affect the actual property values stored in shards.

A property with a vector index cannot be dropped until the vector index is deleted.

To drop the node vector index summary_embedding:

DROP VECTOR INDEX "summary_embedding" ON NODE

Using Vector Indexes

You can use a vector index for vector search by calling the vector.queryNodes() procedure.

Syntax

CALL vector.queryNodes("<vectorIndexName>", <numMostSimNodes>, <targetVector>)

Parameters

Params	Description
`vectorIndexName`	The name of the vector index to be used.
`<numMostSimNodes>`	Number of the nodes to retrieve that have the most similar vectors to `<targetVector>`. Note that the `<targetVector>` itself is included.
`<targetVector>`	The target vector.

Returns

_uuid: _uuid of the retrieved node.
score: The similarity score between the vector of retrieved node and the target vector.

Example

Finds the top two books most similar to Pride and Prejudice by the vector index summary_embedding, return the book names along with the similarity scores between them:

MATCH (target:Book {title: "Pride and Prejudice"})
CALL vector.queryNodes('summary_embedding', 3, target.summaryEmbedding)
YIELD result
MATCH (book WHERE book._uuid = result._uuid)
RETURN table(book.title, result.score)

Result:

book.title	result.score
Pride and Prejudice	1
One Hundred Years of Solitude	0.396299
The Great Gatsby	0.370970

Annex: Index Types

Index Type	Description
`FLAT`	A brute-force method where all vectors are stored and compared directly. This method ensures accurate results, but it is computationally expensive and inefficient when dealing with large datasets.
`IVF_FLAT`	The `IVF` (Inverted File) method partitions the vectors into cluster units, and the search only takes place within the most relevant units. `IVF_FLAT` uses a `FLAT` approach within each unit, providing faster searches with a slight compromise on accuracy.
`IVF_SQ8`	`SQ8` (Scalar Quantization with 8-bit) uses scalar quantization to compress vectors in each unit into an 8-bit representation. It reduces storage requirements and increases search speed at the cost of slightly lower precision.
`IVF_PQ`	`PQ` (Product Quantization) compresses the vectors in each unit. Its index file is even smaller than `IVF_SQ8`.
`HNSW`	`HNSW` (Hierarchical Navigable Small World) is a graph-based indexing method that organizes vectors into a graph structure for fast approximate nearest neighbor search. It is highly efficient, especially for large datasets, and tends to outperform other methods in terms of search speed and recall.
`HNSW_SQ`	It combines the `HNSW` method with `SQ` (Scalar Quantization) to reduce memory usage while maintaining search efficiency.
`HNSW_PQ`	It uses `PQ` (Product Quantization) to enhance the `HNSW` method by compressing the vectors, resulting in a more memory-efficient structure with good performance.
`HNSW_PRQ`	It combines the benefits of `HNSW_PQ` with a re-ranking mechanism to improve accuracy after an initial fast search. This method ensures both speed and high precision.
`SCANN`	`SCANN` (Scalable Nearest Neighbor) is an advanced method developed by Google for efficient nearest neighbor search. It utilizes techniques like quantization and partitioning to provide extremely fast retrieval speeds, especially on very large datasets.